How to Speed Up a Slow Windows PC

A computer usually slows down gradually, and the cause is often something simple. Work through these steps in order.

1. Restart the computer

It sounds basic, but restarting clears temporary problems and applies pending updates. Use Restart rather than Shut down, because Fast Startup can keep some issues alive.

2. Check what is using resources

Press Ctrl + Shift + Esc to open Task Manager. Look at the Processes tab and sort by CPU, Memory and Disk. If one program is using a lot of resources constantly, close it or look for an update.

3. Reduce startup programs

In Task Manager, open the Startup apps tab and disable programs you do not need at sign-in. Leave security software and essential drivers enabled.

4. Free up storage

Windows needs free space to work well. Try to keep at least 15 to 20 percent of your main drive free. See our guide on freeing up disk space.

5. Install updates

Updates for Windows and for drivers often include performance and stability fixes. Open Settings, then Windows Update.

6. Scan for unwanted software

Run a full scan with Microsoft Defender or another reputable security product. Remove programs you do not recognise through Settings, then Apps.

7. Check your browser

Too many tabs and extensions slow browsing. Remove extensions you do not use and keep your browser up to date.

8. Consider hardware upgrades

If the computer still feels slow:

• Replace a hard drive with an SSD. This is usually the biggest improvement.
• Add memory if Task Manager shows it is regularly full.

What to avoid

Be careful of programs that promise to boost your PC with one click. Many are unnecessary, and some are unwanted software themselves. The built-in Windows tools are enough for most people.

This article is for general information only and is not professional advice. Features, prices and menu names may change between software versions. See our disclaimer.